The development of bovine syndactylism.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Despite its cloven hooves, the normal cow, like other ruminants, shows a mild degree of syndactylism. In the adult, metacarpalia and metatarsalia III and IV are intimately fused with each other to form the cannon bone, but they arise as separate blastemata which undergo separate chondrification. Inherited syndactylism with a single hoof on the forelimbs and occasionally also on the hindlimbs has been described in cattle on several occasions, and it might be thought that this is simply an exaggeration of the normal process so as to include the phalanges. With as cumbersome an animal as the cow, such a suggestion might appear to be fairly safe from an observational test. This paper will show that this is by no means the case, and that with a rather modest number of embryos the course of events can be traced with some confidence. This was mainly due to two favourable circumstances. In the first instance, work with similar entities in the mouse which has been summarized elsewhere (Griineberg, 1963) gave hints as to the developmental stages to be examined and features to be looked for. Secondly the work was greatly aided by a technique of preterminal Caesarian sections by means of which the same cow could yield a series of successive embryos (Huston et ah 1964; Noordsy, Huston, Smith & Oberst, 1964); this considerably reduced the time for the collection of the material, and the number of animals which had to be maintained along with the costs of the investigation. In general, the mode of action of genes affecting the appendicular skeleton is less well understood than that of genes affecting the axial skeleton. The bovine material was thus a welcome addition to the conditions available for study.
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- Journal of embryology and experimental morphology
دوره 19 2 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1968